Research on Tuberculosis and its Treatment

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: FOR ALL PATIENTS Patients may be included in this study who: * Have or are suspected to have TB infection. * Are aged 2 years or older. * Have a primary care physician, infectious diseases physician, pulmonologist, or TB specialist outside of the NIH who can provide care of his or her TB infection outside the NIH, provide directly observed therapy (DOT) if necessary, and monitor for side effects and toxicity of TB medications. * Are willing to consent to storage of specimens for future research. * Able to provide informed consent for themselves or, if they lack the capacity to provide informed consent, have an appropriate Legally Authorized Representative (LAR; the study team will comply with NIH Human Research Protection Program \[HRPP\] Policy 403). FOR PATIENTS WITH LATENT TB In addition to the above-described inclusion criteria for all patients, patients may be included in the Latent TB part of this protocol who: -Have documented evidence of a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test or Interferon-gamma Release Assays (IGRA) test meeting American Thoracic Society (ATS)/CDC guidelines for latent TB; conversion can have occurred at any time. FOR PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE TB In addition to the above-described inclusion criteria for all patients, patients may be included in the Active TB part of this protocol who: * Have active TB of any drug susceptibility pattern and any site of infection as determined by smear, culture, or biopsy. * Have appropriately documented clinically suspicious active TB without definitive microbiology confirmation. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients will be excluded from this study who: * Are incarcerated. * Have been ordered by a court to take TB medications. * Are unwilling or unable to comply with prescribed therapy. * Are pregnant. EXCLUSION OF SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Children: Children under the age of 2 are not eligible to enroll. The addition of the very young will not provide enough additional insights to justify the risk to this specific population. Pregnant women: Pregnant women are not eligible for participation in this protocol because the study objectives can be achieved without the enrollment of this population. Enrolled participants who become pregnant during the study will be withdrawn.