Relationship of Airway Microbiota, Endotype and Phenotype in Adult Asthma

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects aged between 18 and 80 years and have a diagnosis of asthma according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) document in 2020. * Asthma is defined as those with a consistent history and prior documented evidence of variable airflow obstruction, with evidence of an increase in FEV1 greater than 12% or 200 mL following bronchodilator or bronchial hyperresponsiveness on bronchial provocation testing, when stable. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with respiratory diseases with other known respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis (TB)-destroyed lung parenchyma, history of lung resection and lung cancer * Individuals older than 40 years with a smoking history of more than 10 pack-years or significant biomass exposure * Patients currently randomized in other clinical studies * Pregnant women * Current smokers (who have not quit smoking in the past 1 year) * Systemic and intranasal antibiotics treatment within 4 weeks * Signs and symptoms of respiratory tract infections (upper or lower) within 4 weeks