No Placebo Group
Every participant receives an active treatment — no one gets a placebo.
Healthy Volunteers Welcome
You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.
No Study Drug
Researchers observe your health over time — no experimental treatment is given.
Ready to participate?
Review the details below, then apply to join this clinical trial.
At a Glance
Age
29 – 59
Sex
Male
Study type
Observational
Participants needed
300 (estimated)
Sponsor
David Okonkwo, MD, PhD · Other
Who this trial is looking for
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This project will define the prevalence of brain health (i.e., normal cognitive, neuromotor, behavioral function) in living professional football retirees and group-matched controls through a comprehensive assessment of clinical, neuroimaging, and biomarker measures.
Trial Locations
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Status
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion criteria:
Former professional football player/exposed group:
1. Professional football retiree aged 29-59
2. Played a minimum of 3 professional football seasons, with a minimum of 3 games in each season
3. Fluent in English (translations are not available/validated for most neuropsycholog…
Inclusion criteria:
Former professional football player/exposed group:
1. Professional football retiree aged 29-59
2. Played a minimum of 3 professional football seasons, with a minimum of 3 games in each season
3. Fluent in English (translations are not available/validated for most neuropsychological tests)
Control/unexposed group:
1. Age 29-59 male
2. High school education or beyond
3. Fluent in English (translations are not available/validated for most neuropsychological tests)
Exclusion criteria:
Control/unexposed group:
1. Played organized football beyond high school
2. History of severe TBI
3. Current unstable cardiovascular disorder
For both groups:
1. Prior history of psychosis (such as schizophrenia), or other major neurological disorder that would interfere with testing, in the opinion of the primary investigator.
2. Contraindication to MR imaging, such as ferrous metal, pacemakers, or concerns about claustrophobia
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