Outcomes of Treatment Using the ERMI Shoulder Flexionater ®

For Study Group 1- Adhesive Capsulitis (AC) Inclusion Criteria: * Exhibits symptoms of adhesive capsulitis i. Shoulder pain with limited motion for more than one month ii. AND ≤ 30 degrees external rotation with arm at side iii. AND ≤ 130 degrees forward flexion d. Cortisone shot for all patients Exclusion Criteria: * a. No prior shoulder surgery b. Infection c. Rheumatoid arthritis d. Any structural or systemic disorder that could result in pain or ROM limitation i. Such as inflammatory joint disease, osteoarthritis evidenced on radiographs ii. full thickness rotator cuff tear as shown by ultrasound imaging iii. history of major trauma or surgery involving the shoulder For Study Group 2 - Postoperative Shoulder Stiffness Study (POS) Inclusion Criteria: c. Is not recovering normally based on objective criteria set for screening process i. Step 1 - Follow patients -all post-op patients with indicated procedures (see # 7 for list.) ii. Step 2 - Screen Patients -does patient meets inclusion criteria at 6 weeks or 3 months of follow-up? 1. \< 15 degrees external rotation with arm at side at 6 weeks post-op 2. OR \< 90 degrees forward flexion at 3 months post-op iii. Step 3 - Enroll patients that meet inclusion criteria and assign group Exclusion Criteria: a. Revision surgery b. Infection c. Rheumatoid arthritis 7\. Procedures included 1. Shoulder arthroscopic procedures (29827, 29828, 29823,29824, 29826) 2. ORIF Humerus fracture (23615) For Study Group 3, Secondary Surgery Study (SAM) Inclusion Criteria: 3. Underwent a manipulation under anesthesia or a lysis of adhesions procedure Exclusion Criteria: a. Infection b. Rheumatoid arthritis c. Any structural or systemic disorder that could result in pain or ROM limitation i. Such as inflammatory joint disease, osteoarthritis evidenced on radiographs ii. full thickness rotator cuff tear as shown by ultrasound imaging iii. history of major trauma or surgery involving the shoulder 7\. Procedures included 1. Manipulation under anesthesia (23700) 2. Lysis of adhesions (29825)