Clinical Outcomes of HBeAg-negative CHB Patients With Indeterminate Phase

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive over 6 months 2. Age ≥18 years 3. Treatment-naïve 4. HBeAg negative, anti-HBe positive 5. HBV DNA \>2000 IU/mL 6. Persistently normal alanine transaminase (ALT) 7. Liver inflammation \<G2 or A2 and liver fibrosis \<S2 or F2 before enrollment, or liver stiffness \>8 kilopascals (kPa) 8. No family history of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma Exclusion Criteria: 1. Coinfection with hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis E virus or human immunodeficiency virus; 2. Coexisting of hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignancy, or alpha-fetoprotein \>upper limit of normal at enrollment; 3. Presence of liver cirrhosis; 4. Alcohol abuse within the last year (ethanol: male \>40 g/d, female \>20 g/d; or heavy drinking within 2 weeks before enrollment: ethanol \>80 g/d), or history of drug abuse; 5. Participating in other clinical trials in the last 3 months; 6. Coexisting of autoimmune liver diseases; 7. Pregnant or planned pregnancy in a short term or lactation patients; 8. History of severe heart disease, mental disease; 9. Uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, thyroid dysfunction, retinopathy, autoimmune diseases; 10. Neutrophil count \<2×10\^9/L and/or platelet count \<100×10\^9/L; 11. History of organ transplantation or preparing for organ transplantation; 12. Using immunosuppressive drugs; 13. Undergone organ transplantation or preparing for organ transplantation; 14. Receiving immunosuppressive agents; 15. Patients thought by the investigators not suitable to participate in this study.