Exploring the Neo-Adjuvant Therapy Effects on Lung Cancer Through Monitoring and Assessment of Tumor Environment

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients enrolled in LungMate clinical trial series, including: 1. LungMate-001: Clinical study for neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 inhibitor, sintilimab, chemotherapy combined with surgery in treating phase IB - IIIA non-small cell lung cancer 2. LungMate-002: Clinical study for neoadjuvant therapy of anti-PD-1 drug combined with radical surgery in treating phase IIb - III non-small cell lung cancer patients 3. LungMate-003: Neoadjuvant PD-1 Antibody Plus Apatinib or Chemotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer 4. LungMate-004: Neoadjuvant Afatinib Therapy for Potentially Resectable Stage III EGFR Mutation-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma 5. LungMate-005: Clinical Study of PD-L1 Antibody (TQB2450) Plus Chemotherapy (Cisplatin and Etoposide) for Previously Untreated Small Cell Lung Cancer 6. LungMate-006: Clinical Study of PD-1 Antibody (BGB-A317) Plus Chemotherapy (Cisplatin and Etoposide) for Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer 7. LungMate-007: Neoadjuvant HS-10296 (Almonertinib) Therapy for Potential Resectable Stage III EGFR Mutation-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma 8. LungMate-009: Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer 9. LungMate-012: Neoadjuvant Furmonertinib Plus Bevacizumab or Furmonertinib Monotherapy for Resectable and Potentially Resectable Stage III-IVA EGFR Mutation-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma 10. LungMate-013: Induction Therapy With PD-1 Antibody Combined With Platinum-based Doublet Chemotherapy for Locally-advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; 11. LungMate-015: The Efficiency of Surgery and Radiotherapy After SHR-1316 (Adebrelimab) and Platinum-containing Doublet Induction Therapy for Limited-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer; 12. Patients enrolled in the LungMate series of neoadjuvant therapy lung cancer clinical trials in the future; * Age 18- years or older; * Histopathologically confirmed with NSCLC or SCLC; * Written Informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * The patients who failed to meet clinical trial screening criteria and those who dropped out of the clinical trial; * Any condition which in the Investigator's opinion makes it undesirable for the subject to participate in the trial or which would jeopardize compliance with the protocol * The patient suffered from other cancers besides NSCLC (except cervical carcinoma in situ, cured basal cell carcinoma, and bladder epithelial tumor \[including Ta and Tis\]) within 5 years before the trial; * The patient is a carrier of active hepatitis B, hepatitis C or HIV.