Fungal Surveillance in Bangladesh

Inclusion Criteria: * Inclusion criteria: Must include all of the following criteria: 1. Admitted/hospitalized patients of any age and gender in tertiary-level acute care hospitals AND 2. Having any of the following co-morbid immunosuppressive conditions or risk factors for healthcare-associated fungal infections such as: * Chronic lung conditions including asthma, COPD * Hemodialysis patients, * diabetes, * Patients receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs (e.g. corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs among organ transplant recipients), for ≥7 days * Patients with AIDS * Patients at risk of healthcare-associated infections (e.g., Patients under postoperative care, having a urinary catheter, with tracheal intubation, under ventilatory support, secured with intravenous (IV) cannula, any other invasive procedures, etc.) * Hospitalized Patients under prolonged injectable antibiotic treatment (\>7 days) * Prolonged hospitalization more than 7 days. * History of taking steroids or antibiotics for more than 2 weeks prior to hospitalization AND 3. Patients or caregivers providing consent For children aged \<5 years, the age criteria and additional inclusion criteria will be as follows: * 0 to 59-month-old children of either sex admitted in hospital with any illness. * Have features of sepsis/pneumonia (based on clinical features below) And any of the following criteria: * Those who will fail to respond to injectable antibiotics or both 1st and 2nd line antibiotics (1st line- inj. Ampicillin plus gentamicin, 2nd line- inj. Ceftriaxone plus levofloxacin/gentamicin as per icddr,b hospital protocol) * Any child with SAM or h/o recent measles or any condition that may induce immune suppression plus fail to respond to injectable antibiotics/ 1st line antibiotics (1st line antibiotics- inj. Ampicillin +inj. Gentamicin) * Those who will develop late-onset hospital-associated infection (LOHAI) * Any child who will require ICU care for more than 7 days * Develop extensive thrush after taking long-term injectable antibiotics * History of taking steroids or antibiotics for more than 2 weeks prior to hospitalization Exclusion Criteria: * History of taking antifungal drugs within 2 weeks * Not willing to give consent