Drowning-related Acute Respiratory Failure

Inclusion Criteria: * Man/boy or woman/girl, 1yo and older. * Subject suffering from drowning related-Acute Respiratory Failure (whatever the nature of water, salt or fresh) and benefiting from the Emergency Medical Service intervention; * Acute Respiratory Failure defined as the presence of: * Capillary O2 saturation \<92% upon Emergency Medical Service first clinical analysis at the drowning scene; * Need for oxygen supply 15Liters/minutes to reach capillary O2 saturation ≥ 95%; * Combination of Acute Respiratory Failure clinical signs: at least 1 of the following items: respiratory rate \>30/min, sternal or clavicular indrawing, abdominal breathing, cyanosis. * Individual affiliated to or beneficiary of a French health insurance system; * Individual with the ability to benefit from the two strategies (ambivalence clause); * Adult Individual having signed written informed consent or child subject with an authorization of the parents. Exclusion Criteria: * Individual with hypothermia ≤ 34°C ; * Individual with neurological distress defined by a Glasgow Coma Scale \< 13 at first clinical assessment and during the first 15 minutes of care ; * Individual with hemodynamic distress defined by a systolic blood tension \< 90 mmHg at first clinical assessment and during the first 15 minutes of care ; * Cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest ; * Declared pregnancy or breastfeeding ; * Patient under legal protection regime for adults.