Intervention for Children With Type 1 Diabetes Targeting Gut Microbes

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed as type 1 diabetes for the first time according to the diagnostic criteria of the American diabetes Association (ADA) in the past 6 months; * One or more antibodies against GAD65, IAA, IA-2, ICA, and ZNT8 are positive; * The daily total dose of insulin per unit weight was less than 0.5 IU/kg/day three days prior to screening; * Fasting C-peptide (FCP)\>0.1 nmol/L (0.3ng/mL); * Age range from 6 to 12 years old; * Have not participated in any other research projects at present; * The guardian signs the informed consent form, the child agrees to the study, and the child over 8 years old signs the informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Suffering from serious chronic and systemic diseases: tumors, immunodeficiency, heart failure, Cushing's syndrome, kidney diseases (including nephrotic syndrome, nephritis, glomerulonephritis, kidney stones, etc.), liver diseases (including autoimmune hepatitis, metabolic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic, persistent hepatitis, etc.), gallbladder diseases (including cholecystitis, gallstones, etc.), etc; * Suffering from acute or chronic gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastrointestinal ulcers, celiac disease, or having defecation three or more times a day in the past week or more, accompanied by watery stools; * Blood pressure ≥ 95th percentile of the same gender, age, and height reference; * Plasma triglycerides of 9 years and below should be ≥ 1.12mmol/L, and triglycerides of 10 years and above should be ≥ 1.46mmol/L; * Used antibiotics within the past month for 3 days or more; * Currently suffering from infectious diseases; * Have the history of gastrointestinal surgery, surgery to remove appendicitis and hernia; * Evidence of pituitary dysfunction; * Use drugs other than insulin that can affect blood sugar levels; * Chromosomal abnormalities (such as trisomy 21 syndrome, Turner syndrome, etc.); * Have taken probiotics and probiotic products continuously for more than 3 days within the first month before enrollment; * Unable to guarantee sufficient time to participate in this project.