Low-Dose Short-Term Ketorolac to Reduce Chronic Opioid Use in Orthopaedic Polytrauma Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient age: 18-70 * Patient or legally authorized representative (LAR) able to provide consent * Patients with acute musculoskeletal trauma requiring surgical fixation (i.e. ORIF with plates and screws and/or intramedullary nailing) * Anticipated hospital admission * Patients who speak English or Spanish * Patients who can be followed at the enrolling facility for at least 6 months Exclusion Criteria: * Patient age \< 18 or \> 70 years * Patients with injury more than 24 hours prior to evaluation * Patients with active hemorrhagic shock or risk of significant hemorrhage * Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding * Patients with a history of active gastrointestinal bleeds or ulceration * Patients with chronic use of steroids or immune-modulating drugs or history of organ transplantation * Patients with preexisting chronic renal, liver, heart, or lung disease * Patients with a creatinine ≥ 1.30 mg/dL during enrollment * Patients with history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or bleeding disorder * Patients with head or chest injury requiring surgical intervention * Patients with allergy to ketorolac or hypersensitivity to aspirin * Patients receiving chronic opioid therapy or treatment for opioid use disorder * Patients who are current IV drug users * Patients who require a daily NSAID or aspirin regimen, except for daily low-dose aspirin (81 mg) * Patients with insufficient follow-up or anticipated difficulty in completing follow-up at a study site for a minimum of 6 months due to any of the follow reasons: death, no follow-up after initial discharge, severe psychiatric conditions, unstable living conditions, planned follow-up at another medical center not participating in this study, live far away from the clinic, and/or incarcerated