Routine Validation and Reproducibility Testing of Laboratory Measures and Research Techniques Used for Metabolism Research (VAL)

Inclusion Criteria: * ≥18 and ≤75 years of age * body mass index ≥18.5 and ≤45 kg/m2 * Weight stable (i.e., ≤3% change) * ≤150 min of structured exercise/week for at least 2 months before entering the study * Blood glucose: \< 126 mg/dl fasted, \< 200 mg/dl with 2 hour oral glucose tolerance testing * Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) ≤6.5% * Dyslipidemia triglycerides ≥125 mg/dL * No chronic kidney disease * Not vegan or vegetarian or on high protein diet (e.g. Atkins) or supplements that are not allowed * No intolerance or allergies to study diet ingredients * No excessive alcohol or tobacco consumption Exclusion Criteria: * \<18 and \>75 years of age * body mass index \<18.5 or \>45 kg/m2 * history of or current significant organ system dysfunction (e.g., heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer in remission for \<5 years, dementia, chronic kidney disease) * allergies or intolerances to meal ingredients, vegans or vegetarians * use of medications that could confound the study outcomes (e.g., anti-inflammatories, immune modulators, etc) * take dietary supplements (e.g., certain pre- and pro-biotics, fiber, fish oil supplements) * engaged in regular structured exercise \>150 min per week * alcohol use disorder as defined by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism or use of controlled substances * pregnant women * persons who use tobacco * prisoners * the inability to grant voluntary informed consent.