Effectiveness and Health Economics of Endoluminal Treatment of Autologous Arteriovenous Endovascular Fistula Failure

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Hemodialysis patients over 18 years of age and under 80 years of age 2. Autologous arteriovenous fistula cannot be used in patients completing haemodialysis 3. The guidewire must pass through at least the stenosis of the endovascular fistula on the side of the lesion and undergo further endovascular treatment before enrolment, and this study does not limit the form of the guidewire passing through the target lesion. 4. Patients who have failed to open the initial target lesion and are successful on a second attempt at endoluminal therapy may still be enrolled. 5. Subjects and their legal representatives are able to understand the purpose of the study, participate voluntarily and sign an informed consent form, and are willing to be followed up at specific points in time. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Planned kidney transplant or conversion to peritoneal dialysis 2. Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant during the study period 3. Recent (within 30 days) or planned surgical procedure for haemodialysis access 4. Allergy or contraindication to heparin, contrast media, antiplatelet drugs 5. Patients who have participated in a clinical trial of a drug or other medical device that interferes with this clinical trial within the last 3 months. 6. Patients with a history of coagulation disorders or other haematological disorders 7. Patients with other conditions that may make the trial difficult or significantly shorten the patient's life expectancy (\<2 years), e.g. tumours, severe liver disease, cardiac insufficiency, etc., or patients with a life expectancy of less than 6 months. 8. Patients unable or unwilling to participate in this trial