Pembrolizumab and Intismeran for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: The main inclusion criteria include but are not limited to the following: * Has histologically/cytologically confirmed diagnosis of previously untreated and pathologically confirmed resectable clinical Stage II, IIIA, or IIIB (N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) \[American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition\] * Has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 within 7 days before the first dose of study intervention * Participants who have not achieved a pathological complete response (pCR) following completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pembrolizumab followed by surgery will be eligible * Confirmation that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-directed therapy is not indicated as primary therapy (documentation of absence of tumor-activating EGFR mutations \[eg, DEL19 or L858R\]) * Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected participants must have well controlled HIV on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) * Participants who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive are eligible if they have received hepatitis B virus (HBV) antiviral therapy for at least 4 weeks and have undetectable HBV viral load prior to randomization * Participants with history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are eligible if HCV viral load is undetectable at screening Exclusion Criteria: The main exclusion criteria include but are not limited to the following: * Diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or, for mixed tumors, presence of small cell elements, or has a neuroendocrine tumor with large-cell components, or a sarcomatoid carcinoma, or a pancoast tumor * Documentation by local test report indicating presence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements * Received prior neoadjuvant therapy for their current NSCLC diagnosis * Received prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), or anti-programmed cell-death ligand 2 (PD-L2) agent, or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or coinhibitory T-cell receptor (eg, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein \[CTLA-4\], OX-40, CD137) * Received prior systemic anticancer therapy including investigational agents other than what is specified in this protocol * Received prior treatment with a cancer vaccine * Received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of start of study intervention, or has radiation-related toxicities, requiring corticosteroids * Received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study intervention