Whey Protein Ingestion and Glucose Control in Pre- and Post Diabetic Individuals

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Males and females ages 50-70 years. 2. Body mass index between 25-45 kg/m2 3. Capable of providing informed consent. 4. COVID-19 negative and/or asymptomatic. 5. Willing to abstain from drinking alcohol or consuming marijuana and CBD products during the 7-day study meal period on two occasions. 6. HbA1c: 5.7-6.4% or 6.5% to 7.5% or fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL Exclusion Criteria: 1. Subject who does not/will not eat dairy protein sources. 2. Subjects taking exogenous insulin injections or GLP /GIP injections or other appetite suppressants. 3. Unwilling to keep a detailed 7 day food journal on two occasions 4. Unwilling to wear a CGM for 7 days on two occasions and share the data with the research team. 5. Lactose intolerance. 6. Hemoglobin \<10g/dL at screening. 7. History of chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer in the 6 months prior to enrollment. 8. History of gastrointestinal bypass/reduction surgery. 9. Pregnant or lactating individuals. 10. History of a chronic inflammatory disease (e.g. Lupus, Crohn's disease) 11. Currently receiving androgen (e.g., testosterone) or anabolic (e.g., GH, IGF-I) therapy. 12. Currently using corticosteroid medications (cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, etc.). 13. Unwilling to avoid using protein or amino-acid supplements during participation. 14. Unwilling to fast overnight. 15. Any medical condition or medication that the PI or clinical study staff finds contradictory to this study.