Comparative Analysis of Radiofrequency Ablation and Microwave Ablation Procedures for the Treatment of Small Saphenous Varicose Veins

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years and ≤90 years; * Clinical diagnosis of primary varicose veins of the lower extremities, CEAP clinical classification C2-C6, requiring treatment of the great and/or small saphenous vein segments, and at least 1 of the clinical symptoms of swelling, pain, burning sensation, heaviness, easy fatigue, itchy skin, and night cramps; * Valve insufficiency of the great saphenous vein, small saphenous vein, or transport vein; * Doppler ultrasound confirmation of a saphenous vein diameter greater than 3 mm and less than 12 mm in the standing position; * Only one limb per patient was selected for inclusion in the study; * Patients signed an informed consent form and were willing to co-operate in completing the protocol-specified investigations and follow-up visits. Exclusion Criteria: * Thrombosis of the great saphenous or small saphenous vein, or combined deep vein thrombosis, or previous history of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. * Recurrent varicose veins after previous treatment. * Severe distortion of the great saphenous vein with anticipated catheter failure. * Severe lower limb ischaemia (CLI) (ABPI \<0.8). * Known allergy to medications and device materials involved in the study. * Pre-existing implanted pacemaker, defibrillator, currently on regular anticoagulation therapy (e.g., warfarin, heparin). * Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. * Unable or unwilling to complete the questionnaire. * Participating in a study of another drug or device. * Life expectancy \<1 year. * Those undergoing treatment for skin malignancies other than non-melanoma. * Daily use of narcotic drugs or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to control pain due to venous disease. * In the judgement of the investigator, endovenous therapy is not appropriate.