Circulating Vascular Regenerative Cell Exhaustion in Individuals Without Type 2 Diabetes Who Are of South Asian or European Origins

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adults 18 years of age or older of South Asian origin or European origin as defined by the following: i. South Asian defined as any individual who identifies as Anglo-Indian, Bangladeshi, Bengali, Bhutanese, Goan, Gujarati, Indian, Jatt, Kashmiri, Maharashtrian, Malayali, Nepali, Pakistani, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan, Tamil, Telugu, or other South Asian origins. ii. European Origin defined as any individual who identifies as from western Europe, northern Europe, southern Europe, eastern Europe or other European origins. 2. Willing and able to provide written informed consent and comply with study requirements 3. Must fulfill the following exclusion criteria: Exclusion Criteria: 1. No previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes 2. Any previous CV events such as: 1. Prior myocardial infarction 2. Coronary revascularization 3. Coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular disease 3. Any life-threatening disease expected to result in death within the next 2 years 4. Any malignancy not considered cured (except basal cell carcinoma of the skin). A subject is considered cured if there has been no evidence of cancer recurrence for the 5 years prior to screening 5. Known severe liver disease (e.g. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic liver disease, liver cirrhosis, etc.) 6. White blood cell count ≥ 15 x 10\^9/L 7. Active infectious disease requiring antibiotic or anti-viral agents 8. Known acquired immunodeficiency syndrome such as HIV 9. On oral steroid therapy (e.g. prednisone) or other immunosuppressive agents (e.g. methotrexate) 10. Treated autoimmune disorder