The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (TAVSS) in improving respiratory muscle strength and function in chronic stroke patients. It aims to explore TAVSS as a potential complementary approach in enhancing rehabilitation outcomes for this population.
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Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
* Being a chronic stroke patient with an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis made 1-3 years ago
* Having been diagnosed with stroke for the first time
* Ability to understand and follow simple verbal instructions
* Being between the ages of 40 and 80
* No conditions affecti…
Inclusion Criteria:
* Being a chronic stroke patient with an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis made 1-3 years ago
* Having been diagnosed with stroke for the first time
* Ability to understand and follow simple verbal instructions
* Being between the ages of 40 and 80
* No conditions affecting perioral muscles, such as facial paralysis or swallowing disorders
* No visual, auditory, or communication problems
* No cardiopulmonary disorders
* No additional neurological, cardiovascular, orthopedic, or similar conditions causing balance problems
* Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24
* No surgical operations or Botox applications in the last 6 months
* Scoring 2 or below on the Modified Ashworth Scale
Exclusion Criteria:
* Presence of infection, ulcer, or scar on the auricle
* Metallic implants in the skull, hypersensitivity, injury, or inflammation inside the ear
* Chronic pulmonary and/or cardiac diseases
* Resting heart rate below 60 beats per minute
* Devices such as pacemakers or cochlear implants
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma unrelated to stroke
* History of surgical operation or Botox application within the last 6 months
* Presence of aphasia, apraxia, or neglect syndrome
* History of 2 or more strokes (SVO)
* Comorbid conditions affecting respiratory functions (e.g., Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's, spinal cord injury, contractures, deformities after fractures, active upper or lower respiratory infections, etc.)
* Lack of cooperation
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