Educational Intervention to Promote Compression Therapy in People With Venous Ulcer

Background: Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) is a condition that affects a significant percentage of the world's population, and can range from mild symptoms such as telangiectasias to severe manifestations such as venous ulcers (VU). The gold standard UV treatment is compression therapy, however, people's adherence to it is variable due to several associated factors: physical, aesthetic and lack of education about compression therapy. Compression therapy acts by increasing interstitial pressure, thus decreasing the caliber of superficial and deep veins, decreasing venous pressure and edema . The study originates from clinical practice where it is observed that people do not adhere or abandon compression treatment, a situation that agrees with the literature review, so new trials on strategies to increase adherence are required (20). The proposed intervention: promoting adherence has a theoretical basis, a conceptual basis and an empirical basis. a) Theoretical basis: it incorporates the theory of self-care of chronic diseases with the incorporation of symptoms, due to the importance that these have for those who present them and for the self-care process, particularly with regard to maintaining self-care and adherence; in addition, the theoretical basis related to health interventions is incorporated. b) Conceptual basis: founded on vascular alterations that lead to the loss of skin integrity with the consequent imbalance: pain, edema, exudate, bad odor, so it is necessary for these to be recognized by patients and then by the professionals who serve them. c) Empirical basis: it incorporates compression therapy, considered the gold standard in the treatment of people with venous ulcers. Based on the evidence analyzed, the Lively Leg intervention developed by Heinen et al. was chosen as a basis. 2012, to which modifications were introduced based on the self-care theory, since, together, the symptoms of the ulcer, the associated chronic diseases and the characteristics of the people intervene in their adherence to compression therapy. The objective of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effect of an educational intervention on adherence to compression therapy, pain and ulceration of the area in users who have a venous ulcer, in the commune of Hualpen, Chile, during the year 2024.