Effects of GLP-1 Formula on GLP-1 and Glucose Regulation

This clinical trial is designed to evaluate the physiological effects of a GLP-1 Formula on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and glycemic regulation in adults with elevated body fat percentage. The GLP-1 Formula is a multi-component dietary supplement composed of Bifidobacterium breve (probiotic), ClpB Formula-a prebiotic blend containing probiotic kombucha extract, soy peptide powder, L-arabinose, and erythritol-and rocket apple extract. The study consists of two randomized crossover trials: Trial 1 (n = 50) aims to assess the effects of the formula on circulating GLP-1 concentrations, while Trial 2 (n = 50) investigates its impact on blood glucose and insulin responses. Eligible participants will be healthy adults aged 18 to 50 years with a body fat percentage greater than 25%, recruited via institutional and online outreach. Participants may choose to enroll in either or both trials; if enrolled in both, a washout period of at least one month between trials is required. Each trial consists of two intervention visits following a crossover design, with supplementation switched on day 8. Each visit will last approximately 6 hours, during which physiological and biochemical assessments will be conducted. Primary outcome measures include plasma levels of GLP-1, glucose, and insulin; secondary outcomes include appetite-related indices. This study aims to elucidate the potential of this functional formula to modulate incretin response and glycemic homeostasis in individuals with elevated adiposity.