The Effect of Hand Holding and Stress Ball Intervention on Pain and Anxiety

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years and over * Can understand and speak Turkish * Clear consciousness, person, place and time oriented * No hearing and perception problems * Does not have any mental or neurological disorders that may affect communication (Alzheimer's, dementia, etc.) * First time cataract surgery * Those without any psychiatric diagnosis/ treatment (antidepressants, anxiolytics, sedatives, etc.) * No physical problems in squeezing the stress ball (muscle, joint problems, etc.) * No analgesic or anesthetic medication 24 hours before the procedure * Individuals who agree to participate in the study will be included in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Conversion of topical anesthesia to general anesthesia during surgery * A different story of eye surgery * Hearing, speech, physical or mental disability * Pregnancy or possible pregnancy * Those with malignancy * Taking an analgesic medication at least 24 hours before the procedure * People with chronic pain * History of incomplete or canceled cataract procedures * Hypertension in the patient (\>160/100 mmHg) * Suppurative/infective/inflammatory skin condition of the hands * Hypersensitivity to touch * Patients with contact-transmitted diseases * Being uncomfortable with hand-holding, * In case of need for emergency intervention by a physician during or immediately after the procedure * Failure to perform the stress ball application in accordance with the instruction * Pre-existing neuropathy (muscle joint problem, stroke, etc.) * Complications during cataract surgery * Those who want to leave the study voluntarily * Termination of the procedure due to deterioration of the patient's general condition during the procedure * Failure to carry out intervention practices in accordance with the determined protocol (Dropping the stress ball during the procedure, etc.)