Effectiveness of School-Based Time-Restricted Eating for the Prevention and Control of Obesity in Children

Eligibility criteria for schools: 1. The principal agrees to accept the randomization process and adhere to the study protocol; 2. The total number of fourth-year students in the school must be more than 50; 3. Schools that have not implemented or plan to implement obesity prevention interventions; 4. Non-boarding schools, Ethnic minority schools, or specialty schools; 5. Schools that have no clear plans to relocate or close within the next 2 years; Eligibility criteria for classes: 1. Class teachers are willing and actively involved in home-school liaison; 2. Class sizes should be between 30 and 60 students; 3. The class consists of fourth-grade students; 4. Classes that have no clear plan to merge or cancel in the next 2 years; Exclusion criteria for students: All students in the selected classes will be the subject of the study after signing the informed consent, unless they have the following circumstances: 1. Individuals with a history of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, tuberculosis, asthma, hepatitis or nephritis; 2. Individuals with secondary obesity: obesity due to endocrine disorders or side effects of medications; 3. Individuals with abnormal growth and development, such as dwarfism, gigantism, etc; 4. Individuals with physical deformities, including severe scoliosis, chicken breasts, claudication, significant O-leg/X-shaped legs; 5. Individuals with limited athletic ability who are unable to participate in school physical activities; 6. Individuals who have lost weight by inducing vomiting or taking medication in the past 3 months; 7. Individuals who have undergone prior bariatric surgery; 8. Individuals with mental disorders or intellectual developmental disabilities, as well as aphasia; 9. Individuals who have taken medications that affect appetite or weight within three months (e.g., antipsychotics, hypnotics, weight loss medications, insulin); 10. Individuals who have plans to transfer within 2 years;