Effect of Visual-Guided Balance Training on Knee Motor Function and Biomechanical Characteristics After ACL Reconstruction

Inclusion criteria for patients: 1. Age between 18 and 45 years old; 2. Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 18.5 kg/m² to less than 35 kg/m²; 3. First unilateral ACL rupture and reconstruction surgery performed at this hospital; 4. Autologous hamstring tendon transplantation; 5. No or only minor injury to the meniscus, posterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament or lateral collateral ligament; 6. Voluntary participation in this study and signing of informed consent form. Exclusion criteria for patients: 1. Patients who underwent ACL reconstruction more than one year after the injury; 2. Patients with severe injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament or lateral collateral ligament (more than grade I; grade II is partial tear, thickening and tortuosity of the ligament, partial fiber interruption, and swelling of the surrounding soft tissues; grade III is complete rupture). ； Combined with severe meniscus tear; 3. Has a history of previous knee surgery, such as meniscus repair, ligament reconstruction, joint replacement, joint cleaning, etc.; 4. Has other knee joint diseases, such as: knee osteoarthritis, knee joint tumor, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, knee joint infection or inflammatory diseases, fracture, dislocation or other bone injuries, etc.; 5. Severe heart, lung, brain diseases or liver and kidney dysfunction, and visual and cognitive impairments. Inclusion criteria for the healthy control group 1. Age 18-45 years old; 2. Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 and \< 35 kg/m2; 3. No surgical history, injury history, or chronic joint diseases of the lower extremities; 4. No visual, cognitive impairments or neurological diseases; 5. No trauma or diseases that cause abnormal gait. Exclusion criteria 1\. Poor compliance of the subject; 2. The subject withdraws the informed consent form; 3.The subject requests to terminate the study or is unable to complete all the trials for some reason; 4. The investigator believes that the subject's continued participation in the trial may cause significant adverse effects on their physical condition; 5. The ethics review committee decides to terminate the trial.