Liposomal vs Conventional Oral Iron After Sleeve Gastrectomy

Inclusion Criteria * Age between 18 and 65 years * History of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy performed at least 6 months prior to enrollment * Diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia, defined as: * Hemoglobin \<12 g/dL in women or \<13 g/dL in men, and * Serum ferritin \<30 ng/mL or transferrin saturation (TSAT) \<20% * Mild to moderate anemia (hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL) * Ability to take and swallow oral medications * Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria * Active gastrointestinal disease (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, peptic ulcer disease, or gastrointestinal bleeding) * Chronic kidney disease with estimated GFR \<30 mL/min/1.73 m² * Use of oral or parenteral iron, vitamin B12, or folate supplementation within the previous 3 months * Iron overload or hemochromatosis (serum ferritin \>300 ng/mL) * Known allergy or intolerance to iron preparations * Active malignancy * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Known hemoglobinopathies (e.g., thalassemia, sickle cell disease) * Blood transfusion within the previous 1 month * Cognitive or psychiatric disorder interfering with study participation or protocol adherence