Determinants of Physical Frailty in Parkinson's Disease: A Multi-Factorial Analysis

Inclusion Criteria: * Clinically diagnosed Parkinson's disease * Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-3 * Age 40 to 85 years * Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24 * Attending the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic, Department of Neurology * Able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Major depressive disorder or psychotic disorder * Advanced dementia * Severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease * Uncontrolled chronic systemic disease (e.g., diabetes mellitus or hypertension) * Additional neurological or orthopedic conditions that may affect assessment performance * Severe visual or hearing impairment that could interfere with study assessments * Inability to cooperate with the physiotherapist during study assessments