Dance Classes for Parkinson's Disease Management

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults (18-85 years old) * Diagnosis of idiopathic PD (as confirmed by a neurologist), who are at a Hoehn and Yahr stage \<=3 (i.e., physically independent, some postural instability, mild to moderate bilateral involvement or less severe symptoms; Bhidayasiri et al., 2012), and who are * enrolled in Dance for PD® classes at the time of recruitment as a participant Exclusion Criteria: * Adults with a score of \>3 on the Hoehn \& Yahr scale (i.e., those presenting with severely disabling disease, but still able to walk or stand unassisted or those who are confined to a bed or wheelchair unless aided; Bhidayasiri et al., 2012) * history of a prior neurological condition that is not PD, including epilepsy * pregnant or trying to become pregnant * those with contraindications to exercise as determined by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PARQ+) * currently smoke cigarettes or use tobacco products * have a pacemaker or other implanted medical device * have been hospitalized due to a psychological disorder within the last 5 years * have a respiratory disease (including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease- COPD, asthma, pulmonary high blood pressure) * have a metabolic condition (including type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or liver problems) * have a kidney condition, a heart condition, history of stroke or cancer * experienced a blackout, fainted, or lost consciousness as a result of a head injury or had diagnosed concussion within the last 12 months * take a medication that affects cardiovascular responses to exercise * prospective participants with a diagnosis of PD who score \< 17 on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-30) * currently residing outside of the United States