Kidney Function in People With Cystic Fibrosis in the Era of HEMT

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Outpatient CF Cohort * Diagnoses of Cystic Fibrosis * Age \> 30 years old * Able to provide informed consent 2. Inpatient CF Cohort * Diagnoses of Cystic Fibrosis * Age \> 7 years old * Able to provide informed consent and assent (where applicable) * 55 PwCF frequently hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation (\>1 hospital admission in the prior 12 months) * 55 PwCF sporadically hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation (no hospital admissions in the prior 12 months) * Able to provide urine sample independently 3. Healthy Controls * Healthy, as per participant self-report * Age between 30-50 years * Able to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: 1. Outpatient CF Cohort * History of any organ transplant * History of immunodeficiency * Previous or current cancer diagnoses * Pregnant or breastfeeding * On chronic dialysis * Non-compliance (demonstrated by \<2 visits during the 12 months before enrollment) 2. Inpatient CF Cohort * The initiation of intravenous antibiotic therapy after hospital admission before obtaining the first blood and urine sample * History of any organ transplant * History of immunodeficiency * Previous or current cancer diagnoses * Pregnant or breastfeeding * On chronic dialysis 3. Healthy Controls * History or current kidney disease, organ transplantation, cancer, or any other chronic illness * Current use of antibiotics * Urinary symptoms or UTI (dysuria, frequency, urgency) * Pregnant women * Menstruating on the study visit day * Blood relatives of PwCF