Gut, Immune, and Vascular Health in Metabolically Healthy Obesity

Inclusion Criteria: * 18-55 years old. * BMI is 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 or \>30kg/m2 (part 1). BMI \> 30 kg/m2 (part 2) * Not pregnant or expecting to become pregnant (females only). * Not postmenopausal (females only). * Have 0-1 risk factors based on blood pressure, blood sugar, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol ("good cholesterol"). * Have not been diagnosed with an advanced cardiometabolic condition (e.g., cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes). * Have not been diagnosed with a chronic inflammatory or gastrointestinal condition (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease). * Do not regularly take anti-inflammatory drugs (more than 2x week) or are able to temporarily suspend use of anti-inflammatory drugs three days prior to the study visit. * Have not taken antibiotics or probiotics in the last month. * Do not use lipid-lowering drugs (e.g., statins), glucose-lowering drugs (e.g., metformin), or anti-hypertensive drugs. * Do not use weight-loss drugs (e.g., Ozempic, Wegovy). * Have not had any surgery that alters the stomach/gastrointestinal tract (e.g., gastric sleeve, gastric bypass). * Do not use tobacco products or any illicit drugs. * Do not have a pacemaker. * Do not have dietary restrictions prohibiting consumption of the provided meal (e.g., vegan/vegetarian diets, gluten-free diet, relevant food allergies). * Able to stay in the supine position in the dark for at least 10 minutes (related to vascular measurements) Exclusion Criteria: * Not 18-55 years old. * BMI is not 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 or \>30kg/m2 (part 1). BMI is not \> 30 kg/m2 (part 2) * Pregnant or expecting to become pregnant (females only). * Postmenopausal (females only). * Do not have 0-1 risk factors based on blood pressure, blood sugar, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol ("good cholesterol"). * Have been diagnosed with an advanced cardiometabolic condition (e.g., cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes). * Have been diagnosed with a chronic inflammatory or gastrointestinal condition (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease). * Regularly take anti-inflammatory drugs (more than 2x week) or are unable to temporarily suspend use of anti-inflammatory drugs three days prior to the study visit. * Have taken antibiotics or probiotics in the last month. * Use lipid-lowering drugs (e.g., statins), glucose-lowering drugs (e.g., metformin), or anti-hypertensive drugs. * Use weight-loss drugs (e.g., Ozempic, Wegovy). * Have had any surgery that alters the stomach/gastrointestinal tract (e.g., gastric sleeve, gastric bypass). * Use tobacco products or any illicit drugs. * Have a pacemaker. * Have dietary restrictions prohibiting consumption of the provided meal (e.g., vegan/vegetarian diets, gluten-free diet, relevant food allergies). * Not able to stay in the supine position in the dark for at least 10 minutes (related to vascular measurements)